Thursday, September 4, 2014

Luis Gonzalez, Summer 2014, Blog Post 2

Hello everyone it is Luis again and I just wanted to update everyone with what has been going on since the last time. I was able to use the b-galactosidase assay, shown below, to show that there is in fact a direct interaction between a-tubulin and g-tubulin. I was also able to identify a domain within g-tubulin, which is essential for this interaction to occur. The varying intensities of yellow correspond to the various versions of g-tubulin used to carry out the experiments.


This is the last week for the students who are only here for 9-weeks and therefore we are had our symposium on Wednesday and Thursday. Everyone had a great presentation and poster session and I really enjoy hearing about the research they conducted throughout the summer. It was an amazing experience and opportunity to meet everyone from the SSRP 2014 cohort, shown below, and I know for a fact that it will not be the same when I am here alone at Kairos the following week.


This summer was fantastic and I enjoy all of the group activities we had, which included a scavenger hunt in San Francisco, movie nights, barbeques, and social gatherings. I hope everyone had a great summer experience and cannot wait to meet all the new members of the MARC program.


Luis Gonzalez, Summer 2014, Blog Post 1

Hello everyone this is Luis Gonzalez a rising senior studying Biochemistry. I am currently funded through the HHMI EXROP program and I had the great opportunity to conduct my research at Stanford University and through their on local summer program SSRP. SSRP has great community of students and we have the privileged to be housed at Kairos, which houses all 33 students of our cohort.


Although it can get rowdy in afternoon, everyone single individual of the cohort is dedicated to his or her own respective research project. As for me I have the opportunity to work with Dr. Tim Stearns who is part of the departments of biology and genetics. The Stearns lab, which is found in Lorry Lokey shown below, focuses on understanding how the centrosome and primary cilium control cell function and influence development, and how defects in these structures cause a remarkable range of human disease, ranging from cancer, polycystic kidney disease, and obesity, to neurocognitive defects including mental retardation, schizophrenia, and dyslexia.


My specific project for the summer is studying microtubule nucleation and specifically to identify the proteins necessary for this event to occur. So a little background on the topic, microtubules are dynamic tubular structures composed of a/b-tubulin heterodimers, which are constantly undergoing periods of polymerization and depolymerization in order to alter their length in order to achieve their various roles. Microtubules play essential roles by providing structural integrity, transportation of vesicles and proteins, and most importantly the formation of the mitotic spindle, which is essential for the proper segregation of sister chromatids during the cell cycle. The organelle responsible for the formation of the mitotic spindle in eukaryotic mammalian cells is known as the centrosome, which is composed of a pair of centrioles, which are encompassed by pericentriolar material (PCM). The surface of the PCM is coated by ring complexes known as the g-tubulin ring complex (gTuRC), which based on structural studies of microtubules and the gTuRC have proposed microtubule nucleation to occur by a direct interaction of g-tubulin and a-tubulin. However the interaction between g-tubulin and a-tubulin has never been experimentally confirmed. Therefore the objective of my study is to definitively show that g-tubulin and a-tubulin interact and additionally to identify the residues involved in this interaction.


For my experiments, we decided to use Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which are grown in tubes shown above, as a model organism to conduct our studies due to the fact that all our genes of interest are conserved across all eukaryotic species. I made use of a technique known as the yeast two-hybrid system followed up by a b-galactosidase assay to quantify the strength of interaction between our proteins of interest, a-tubulin and g-tubulin.

Before I let you go I wanted to share a few images of the Stanford campus because it is a beautiful campus and bike friendly.






Benni Vargas, Summer 2014, Blog Post 2

Hi everyone! The CARE SEM SPUR Program has just ended and I have thoroughly enjoyed both the program events and the lab experience. I was very grateful for the seminars and workshops we have had. I took copious notes during those events because I knew that later on I will be asking myself, “What was that important thing they said during that workshop?”

In lab, we finally got our CFSE technique to work! After weeks of experiments that never seemed to work, we finally figured out that the concentration of CFSE dye that we have been using was too high. It was strange that our CFSE concentration was too high because in one paper we read, the authors used the same concentration and their experiments worked fine. We then used a lower concentration of CFSE and our experiments were working the way they should be.

There were many things I learned in my lab experience and one of them is time management. Reading scientific articles, analyzing data, preparing for the next day’s experiment(s), writing my research paper, preparing my poster and poster presentation, and all while working full-time in the lab has sharpened my time management skills. Seeing how my fellow lab members were constantly working hard made me want to constantly work hard too.

Although my summer research program and dorm residence contract have ended, I am currently commuting back and forth to the lab. I am looking forward to see what we will discover next.

Sam (my direct mentor) came to support me at my SPUR poster presentation!

 [3H]thymidine incorporation assay!

Tuesday, September 2, 2014

Richard Flores, Summer 2014, Blog Post 1 & 2

Blog 1
What's up everybody?! Me llamo Richard Flores and I'm a fifth year neuroscience major/theater minor. For my final summer as an undergraduate, I left sunny LA and flew across the country to take part in some exciting research in Dr. Michael Scott's lab.
Working for Michael Scott this summer has been a wonderful experience that has me excited for grad school. I do not know if I can say this but it felt similar to what a rotation in grad school might be like. Mike came up to me and ask me to pick up a project that no one has ever done and try to make it work. It's exciting to me to acquire a project that may not work, but if it does, would be a great new tool in the lab's arsenal.
I was attempting to develop a protocol for getting mice to smoke nicotine. Plenty of studies currently exist on the negative health effects of nicotine, the issue is that in most of those studies the nicotine is injected via a jugular catheter. This of course does not mimic the way humans utilize nicotine so developing a protocol that more closely resembles human smoking habits is needed.


Blog 2
In addition to this unique lab experience, I had the opportunity to meet great folks from all over the world. We were slow to link up at first but then ended up bonding strongly. I now have friends in Puerto Rico, Venezuela, and even random States like Ohio. The obvious advantage of knowing people from all over the country and the world is that if you ever find yourself in that state, say for a conference, or even if you feel like visiting that location, you have a friend there. Many of these good people I can now call my friends. I’ve already been asked to come visit Puerto Rico and Venezuela. The fact that I can visit those without having to pay for lodging is fantastic. Not only that, I’ll know somebody there that can intellectually stimulate me. Many of the nights that we all hung out we’d inevitably discuss science in one form or another. Even if we jokingly place restrictions like “no research talks allowed,” everyone knows we love science, and you obviously talk about your passions no matter what.
I have lived in Virginia before. When I last left, I vowed never to return. But this time was different. Because of my fun project and the variety of people I met, I see this place differently. I actually find it quite alluring now. In fact, I find myself considering the east coast as a potential location for grad school and life beyond that. This summer has indeed been eye opening.

When in Rome, you eat as the people of Charlottesville do!

You can beat the wild life of Virginia.

The scenery is almost too beautiful.

You really can’t beat the wild life. Just look at the colors of this cool little lizard!

Possible vampire lab

Our good ‘ol 3rd President’s house. TJ also founded UVa, UVa Law School, and is the author of the Declaration of Independence. . . .No big deal.

Yea, I got to watch the Bruins play @UVa!!

Bruin spirit was alive and well!! (UCLA alumni 2005)










Mark Douglass, Summer 2014, Blog Post 2

Mark Douglass
08/29/14
Marc Summer Blog #2

This summer has been a whirlwind of excitement, productivity, and growth. I was able to learn so much from dedicating myself completely to lab life. I am more excited than ever to understand viruses on the molecular level. I worked independently, struggled though many troubleshooting phases, and as a result became a much more confidant researcher. I was able to synthesize a recombinant gammaherpesvirus with a tagged ORF73. This will allow me to transition towards experiments that will identify the molecular function of ORF73 within the context of a latent infection.  I hope to have significant results by the time I present at the SACNAS conference here in Los Angeles.


Within SPUR I thoroughly enjoyed the seminars and workshops we were exposed to this summer, and greatly appreciated the career opportunities that were showcased to us outside of the field of academia. I was able to gain much insight into my possible future as a future MD/PhD. Because of this program I was able met some incredible people, receive excellent guidance, and I was able to make some lasting friendships with future colleagues. I could not have asked for more.



Friday, August 29, 2014

Nancy Morones Summer 2014 Blog Post 1


 Hello! My name is Nancy Morones and I am currently involved in the UCLA Summer Programs for Undergraduate Research (SPUR). I have been busy at work in Dr. Karen Lyons laboratory—under the direction of Dr. Jay Jiang—within the department of Orthopaedics.

My project focuses on the CCN family of matricellular proteins and their effect on articular cartilage and maintenance. These modular proteins have been associated with having high integrin binding activity and have an essential role in cell migration, adhesion and proliferation.  In the case of chondrocytes, cells that form cartilage and bone, CCN proteins such as Cys61 (CCN1) and Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CCN2, CTGF) have been found to play a role in cell differentiation in early stages of development for mice models. I plan to study the localization of gene expression in CCN1 and CCN2 mice models at several ages using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.

Being in the SPUR program has been very beneficial to my future as a scientist. The program has several weekly workshops that have informed me about the graduate school application process as well as MSTP programs. I really enjoyed the panels run both by students and by professors. As part of the Society for Advancement of Chicanos/Latinos and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS) Chapter here at UCLA, I was also able to present a bit about my undergraduate research experience at an event hosted by the Outreach Committee for Diversity in Science (OCDC) to community college students. As a transfer student, was both an honor and privilege to share my experiences with other students with similar goals. 



Thursday, August 28, 2014

Benni Vargas, Summer 2014, Blog Post 1

Hello everyone this is Benni Vargas and I am a 4th year MIMG student.  I am currently doing summer research under the CARE SEM Summer Research Program. I recently got into MARC and I am doing research in Dr. Robert L. Modlin’s lab in BSRB in room 246.

Using leprosy as a model, our research is concerned with the responses stimulated in B cells as measured by cellular proliferation in tuberculoid leprosy versus lepromatous leprosy. We hope to gain insight into the role B cells play in the immune response to Mycobacterium leprae, an intracellular pathogen that causes leprosy. This information may provide new possibilities for advancement of treatments for various human diseases.

We have had numerous attempts in creating a positive control for B cell stimulation. We need a positive control in order to confirm that indeed B cells are being stimulated in the presence of M. leprae. To do this, we have isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from blood, isolated B cells from those PBMCs, and plated the B cells with various stimulatory reagents in hopes of getting them to proliferate.

Hopefully soon after we establish our positive control we can actually do some experiments with M. leprae!

It has been quite an experience so far here at the Modlin lab. At first I was working very dependently with my direct mentor. Now, I am becoming more independent. In fact I am doing an experiment by myself tomorrow! My direct mentor is gone for clinical duties tomorrow and it is up to me to carry out this experiment. This will be fun.


In the picture below I am isolating PBMCs from blood. The PBMCs are at the interphase between the ficoll (colorless) layer and the plasma (orange) layer:


In the picture below I have plated my B cells with various concentrations and combinations of stimulatory reagents such as immunoglobulin H + L, CD40 antibody, and immunoglobulin M antibody. Sorry for the picture quality (I used flash)!



Tien Phan, Summer 2014, Blog Post 1

Hello!

I guess I should introduce myself in the first blog. My name is Tiên. I am a senior majoring in Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology and minoring in Biomedical Research (and possibly Bioinformatics). I am currently working in Dr. Karen Lyons's lab under the department of orthopedic surgery. My research project revolves about the proteins CCN1 and CCN2. Since not a whole lot is known about them, we are investigating their roles in embryonic cartilage differentiation, the molecular pathways that they're involved in, and the relationship between them.

I am now trying to finish the BrdU incorporation study which uses fluorescence immunohistochemistry to look at cartilage cell proliferation in mouse embryos. I am also currently responsible for the primary mesenchymal cell pellet study which looks at the effect of CCN1 and CCN2 on osteogenesis differentiation. 


I have been learning so much since I joined Dr. Lyons lab. I am constantly learning new skills, and I am absolutely loving it! I learned cell culture, immunostaining, animal handling... I get to work with mice, mouse embryos, viruses... Our lab uses the mouse model, so I got to learn mouse dissection which never fails to give me the thrills! Everyday in lab, I feel like a sponge, and I am super eager to absorb new knowledge that comes my way. I am so grateful to have an awesome mentor who's patiently taught me so much, who challenges me with projects while always giving me the needed support and guidance. Below is a group picture we took last quarter, though not everyone was in it. I am the fourth person from the left, wearing a white lab coat.


I really like it here. So much that I've decided to nest. I have my gallon of milk, my cereal, noodles, and my cup in the lunch room. I also have Lilian and Amelia hanging out on the window sill next to my desk.


 I can't wait to see what the next 2 years have in store :D

Peace out!


Rachel Lopez, Summer 2014, Blog Post 1

Research this summer, along with the seminars and workshops I’ve been attending for SPUR, has been quite the experience. I have been give information through the seminars and workshops that will prove to be useful for my career such as writing for and looking for grants to help fund my education. In lab, I have been learning a lot of new techniques as well as mastering the techniques that I have acquired over the past year in my lab. This week started with isolating hearts for my project. Here is a picture of me holding a tube with three separate layers. It’s a step in the protocol that I have come to have a love hate relationship with because it’s been difficult to get just right. The top layer is all the organelles from the cells that are not what I need for my extraction. The middle is the buffer that separates everything in nucleus, which is found at the bottom of the tube. This next picture is of the standard curve for my quantification of the amount of proteins I’ve isolated from the whole hearts. This is what a standard week looks for me in lab.



Walter Hardesty, Summer 2014, Blog Post 1

Hi MARCers!

I am checking in after an entire year of my rollercoaster-ride of a life at UCLA…including my summer at Harvard Medical School! This past summer, I spent 10-weeks in Boston, MA,  participating in a summer program called the Harvard Catalyst Summer Clinical and Translational Research Program (SCTRP).


Here’s me before my flight:


I must admit, I was EXCITED to get to Boston. Little did I know of the challenges (though rewarding!) that were in store for me…
AT BOSTON, I worked under the guidance of a Harvard Faculty mentor, Dr. Gabriel Kreiman, and my specific project investigated the contribution of recurrent processing in the visual system to partial object recognition.

As part of my project, I set out to recruit over 70 participants from the Harvard Medical School Area to complete various forms of a simple object recognition experiment. The visual test, coded by my graduate student mentor, Hanlin Tang (a physics major from Princeton University who worked for the US Department of Defense), consisted of displaying 16 different images that pertained to one of various categories. Subjects were asked to categorize images that varied in their length of time displayed, object wholeness (i.e. whole or partial), and whether they were followed by a backward mask or not. The backward mask is a noisy image that follows the initial presentation of an object stimulus. It is believed in theories of natural vision that by following an image with a backward mask, one is able to disturb recurrent feedback in the brain, thereby decreasing categorization performance.

After collecting data, I used MatLab, a computer prograaming software, to perform data analysis on the response data gathered from our wonderful subjects in order to address the following question:

Is top-down processing vital for categorization performance of partial images irrespective of how features are positioned?

Can a model be developed to make predictions on which features of an image a) drive categorization performance and b) require top-down processing neural networks?

            I won’t get into too much detail here, but I must say, the data analysis was EXTREMELY difficult at first. Before arriving to my lab at Boston Children’s Hospital, I had little to no experience with computer science in general. My major is in microbiology, immunology, and molecular genetics. I was used to pipetting, and cloning genes to make different parasitic cell lines . On the first day of my new lab, I sat in front of a computer and feared that I would be incapable of getting up-to-speed with the work in the lab in order to produce something significant. However, I pushed forward, and I was reminded of the valuable lessons in research methodology that I gained from the MARC Program. MARC taught me how to ask the right questions, and how to structure the knowledge in a way that made sense. I learned how to use Matlab! And I learned how to code! Though, I surely was not alone in these efforts. Hanlin Tang was hugely instrumental to my learning process. He was patient with all of my questions, and pushed me to succeed in the lab. In addition, Candace Ross, a computer engineering major from Howard University who was also interning for the summer through MIT, provided me lessons in basic computer science that SAVED me during difficult times in the analysis. I am truly grateful for everyone’s contribution from the lab, including my PI and other lab members.

Here are snapshots of me, Hanlin, and two “computer-wiz’ highschoolers (center left and center right) interning for the summer as well:


Besides my lab, the Harvard SCTRP Program also consisted of various presentations, tours, and outings with my fellow peers from the program.  I am deeply grateful for Ms. Carol Martin, Program Manger, and Mrs. Rachel Milliron, Program Coordinator, both of whom have opened doors for us to network and LEARN from some of the top scientists and educators at Harvard into our doors.  Because of them, I have acquired a new meaning for the word professionalism, which was a way of life for us in the Harvard SCTRP Program, and will continue to be a way of life for me now in my academic career.

In addition, I met students from all across the nation, including Jackson, Missippi; New Orleans, Louisiana; Las Vegas, Nevada to name a few. One of the things I’m most grateful for from this program is the awareness that I gained from living with students who were of different cultures than me, and understanding that we each had a unique approach to pursue a common goal for a career in academic medicine. Some of these students are the most inspiring I have ever met. I’d like to give a shoutout to one individual, Kia Byrd, a rising first-year Harvard Medical Student, who has inspired me to reach for the stars! Below is a picture of all of us in front of the Harvard Medical School sign!


While living for roughly 70 days in Boston, Massachusetts, I also visit a huge number of places at Boston, and even New York during a weekend get-a-away with one of my peers. This was my first time on the East Coast of the country. During my stay, I visited Harvard University (including most of Harvard Square), Cambridge, MIT, Boston Harbor, the North End, Little Italy, Little Colombia (near the New Hampshire passway), and various hospital and research sites around the Harvard Medical School Area. Dr. Dwayne Simmons even treated me out to dinner, and gave me a more thorough tour of Harvard University, including the freshmen dorms! The North End was one of my favorite places due to sheer volume of historical sites. Here I visited Paul Revere’s House, the graveyards of many war heroes and founding fathers, the Old North Church, the Freedom Trail, Haymarket, the Constitution (oldest, warship still floating on water) etc. (THE LIST GOES ON) At these locations, I learned of an entirely new culture that was marked by historical reverence, intellectualness and an air of prestige. I am proud to say that I have done the Duck Tour TWICE. AND I have tried Boston lobster…with my mother even when she came to visit! Look how delicious:


And yes! That’s right! My mother came to visit me, and it was HER first time on the East Coast too. Check us out on the carriage for proof!


In New York, I saw the Statue of Liberty, the World Trade Center memorials, the renovated twin towersm the Bull of Wall St., memorials for the Vietnam and Korean Wars, Central park, Time Square, the Brookline Bridge, the skyline of New Jersey

The experience of travelling on the East Coast this past summer is one I’ll never forgot. After returning to Los Angeles, California, I found that my life has changed. I work harder than ever before, which is reminiscient of the extended efforts I observed in the professions of those I worked closely with at Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Also, I am more conscientious of the history that lies behind the places that I visit now, including those in Los Angeles now! For all of those reading this blog, and have yet to spend a summer outside of UCLA, I would HIGHLY recommend it. The experience will change you in ways that are not limited to what you learn in the lab. Your vision of the world, of the various institutions you visit, of people, and of yourself will change in ways that you will be glad they did!





Steve Guzman, Summer 2014, Blog Post 1

Blog Submission #1:


Greetings from Los Angeles!  I’m Steve Guzman and this is my final summer research experience here at UCLA.  Currently, I am completing a first authorship manuscript.  These past few weeks have been extremely busy trying to wrap up my project.  I am writing an article about the longitudinal changes that occur within single motor units in upper limb rhesus monkeys after a spinal injury.  I spend most of my days generating figures and reading articles.  At times it can be quite tedious work but my main motivation is that I’ll have my first publication out soon! Aside from working on my project I’ve been mentoring new incoming transfer students who are participating in summer research programs.  Aside from all the work at lab and the mentoring, I’ve been playing a lot of beach volleyball on the weekends.  I’ve realized that this could possibly be my last summer in Los Angeles or even California for a while, and so I must enjoy the beach as much as possible! The first image is a picture of me (don’t mind my goofy expression) at Bruin Plaza when UCLA was flooded by the main water line.  Thankfully, no one was harmed. The second picture is of me at Will Rogers Beach playing beach volleyball.  I hope all my other fellow MARCers are enjoying themselves this summer and I can’t wait to hear from them soon!



Mark Douglass, Summer 2014, Blog Post 1


Hello everyone! I hope you are all having a wonderful summer. My name is Mark Douglass and this summer I am working in Dr. Ren Sun’s lab in the Molecular and Medical Pharmacology Department at the UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine. My direct mentor is associate professor Dr. Ting-Ting Wu, and all of our group’s projects focus on the molecular virology of gammaherpes viruses. I have been working in this lab since March, and things are really going well now that I get to dedicate so much time here this summer. My specific project focuses on understanding the molecular function of open reading frame 73 (ORF73), a specific protein expressed during the latent stage of infection. This is important because the latent stage of infection is linked to oncogenesis. We use Murine Herpes Virus 68 as a model for the human pathogens Epstein-Barr virus and Karposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpes virus.
I have been using basic methods such as the polymerase chain reaction, gel electrophoresis, cloning, and cell culture to develop a recombinant virus; which will allow me to study the molecular interactions of our gene of interest using co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. The overarching goal is to identify possible target mechanisms and molecules for antiviral treatments.
The weeks I’ve dedicated thus far to the lab, and the MARC program, have been very rewarding. I am beginning to comprehend what it’s truly like to be a scientist. The workshops and seminars that we are supplemented with have been invaluable; they have offered guidance and brought awareness to the possibilities within the STEM field. I have also enjoyed living in the dorms, meeting people from all around the country, and going on group trips to the Getty and the Griffith Observatory.